The organic farming market continues to grow. In 2016, it increased by 11.4%, generating almost 33.5 billion euros. Almost all countries show double-digit growth, as evident from research conducted by FiBL, the research institute for organic agriculture.
This is a clear indication that this method of production is on the rise and certainly not just a passing trend. Nevertheless, the total share of organic agriculture is still modest compared to traditional methods of farming. Currently, 14 million hectares are used for organic agriculture in Europe. Spain is the leader with two million hectares, followed by Italy and France.
Organic farming in Europe
Despite the fact that Europe is well on the way to farming more organically, many organic products that end up in supermarkets are imported from Africa and South America. The reasons why many consumers choose to buy organic produce include food safety (E numbers) and concern for the environment and the fair treatment of animals. But is organic farming the solution to these concerns?
Proponents say 'yes'
Organic processes are more animal-friendly and better for the environment, according to proponents. No fertilisers or pesticides are used, which is healthier for humans and for insects. Organic farming is usually far more labour intensive and the yield is smaller, meaning that more land is required. Opponents therefore point to research that suggests organic farming is not the solution: intensive agriculture leaves more space for nature, and allowing for a more biodiverse nature is a better use for this space than organic farming.
Demand for food
At the same time, future demand for food needs to be considered. The world's population continues to grow, and the demand for food grows along with it. In addition to this, the middle class is growing, and as a result the demand for more expensive products such as meat is also rising sharply. The question is whether the current and future demand for food can be met through organic farming.
So is organic farming the solution?
The solution may lie in finding a compromise. Why should intensive agriculture not be organic? There are already examples of this, a prominent one being vertical farming, where vegetables are grown in large quantities without using pesticides. While this may be a solution for fruit and vegetables, the question remains as to how to apply the same compromise to cattle. We are likely to have to wait many years and hold a much longer, in-depth discussion before a clear answer can be given as to whether organic farming is the solution.
What do you think about organic farming?
* This article previously appeared in Kramp Focus Edition 3 2018
